Blog

Izibonelelo eziMnyama zeGarlic Extract zeZempilo kunye nokuSebenza

Yintoni i-Black Garlic Extract?

A igalikhi emnyama Yindlela yegalikhi ethathwe ekuphepheni kunye nasekugugeni kwegalikhi entsha. Ukunyanga igalikhi entsha ukuvelisa igalikhi emnyama kwenzeka kwiimeko ezinomswakama kakhulu ukusuka kuma-40 ° C kuye kuma-60°C malunga neentsuku ezilishumi.

Ngale meko, igarlic indala ngokukhawuleza kwaye ijika ibemhlophe ukuya kumbala omnyama / omnyama. Igcwele uluhlu lweevithamini kunye neeminerals ezibalulekileyo ezinjenge manganese, Vitamin C, Vitamin B6, Selenium, Vitamin B1, phosphorous, bronze kunye necalcium.

Igalikhi emnyama enosiwe iye yaba kukutya okuthandwayo okuthandwayo okwenziwa ngamakhulu eminyaka eThailand, eSouth Korea, naseJapan kodwa amanye amazwe anjengeTaiwan, ayithathile ngaphambili, ngakumbi kwiivenkile zokutyela nezokutya eziphezulu. Isetyenziselwa ukongeza incasa yokutya okwahlukileyo, kubandakanywa nokuxutywa kwenyama kwidayizi, kwaye kujongwa njengendawo yokutya encasa umlo ngenxa yempahla yayo antioxidant.

Ngaphandle kokuphucula incasa yokutya, ezinye izibonelelo zegalikhi ezimnyama zibandakanya inkxaso yokulahleka kwesisindo, ukuphuculwa kwempilo yesikhumba kunye nokuqina komzimba. Ungathenga igalikhi emnyama ebilisiwe ngohlobo lomgubo omnyama wegalikhi, iibhola ezimnyama zokukhupha iibhola okanye ijusi emnyama yokukhupha ijusi.

I-Garlic Emnyama yokukhupha umatshini

Ukukhupha igalikhi emnyama kunefuthe lokuchasana nokuvuvukala eliyifezekisayo ngokuncipha I-HAYI kunye nokuveliswa kwe-cytokine yemveliso ye-LPS-indened RAW264.7 iiseli. Inxalenye yegalikhi ye-hexane yokwanda kweseli kunye ne-ICAM-1 kunye ne-VCAM-1 intetho kwi-TNF-α-activated endometrial cell stromal seli emzimbeni wakho.

Iqhubela phambili, i-leukotrienes, ii-cytokines ezi-pro-immune kunye nemisebenzi ye-COX-2 kunye ne-5-lipoo oxygenase ngaphakathi kweeseli ze-RAW264.7 zeeseli. Ngenxa yoko, omnye usulelo luye lube mbi kakhulu okanye luthintelwe ukuba lwenzeke.

Xa kuziwa kumsebenzi we-oxidative, igalikhi emnyama iqulethe i-phenols kunye ne-flavonoids, zombini edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwendlela ye-Nrf2. Imixube eyahlukeneyo ebonelelwa ngegalikhi yonyusa amanqanaba okubonisa e-mRNA kwii-enzymes ze-antioxidant njenge-HO-1, NQO1, kunye nee-GST. Imixube, ebandakanya ukufunyanwa kwe-tetrahydro-β-carboline, N-mifanekiso N-frafosyl arginine allixin kunye ne-selenium, ukufezekisa oku ngokusebenzisa kwe-Nrf2.

Imveliso yeGarliki emnyama yokukhupha

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, igalikhi emnyama ikhutshwa kwigalikhi entsha ngokufaka ukutya kwindawo elawulwa ngokungqongqo. Indawo engqongileyo kufuneka ibe nofifi kakhulu (enama-80 ukuya kwangama-90% umswakama ohambelana nokufuma) kwaye ishushu njengama-40 °C ukuya kwi60 °C. Ngexesha lenkqubo, iifomati ezahlukeneyo zisiphumo sokusabela kweMaillard.

Ngexesha, igalikhi emhlophe qhwa emnyama ibala elimnyama. Ziyaphuhlisa Isiraphu emnandi, incindi, incasa yebhalsamic, ukuthungwa kwengca kunye nevumba elikhethekileyo.

Ixesha lenkqubo yonyango liyahluka ukusuka kumvelisi ukuya kwelinye kodwa lihlala lisusela kwiintsuku ezine ukuya kwezingamashumi amane. Oku kuxhomekeke kwinkcubeko kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabavelisi kunye neenjongo ezinqwenelekayo zokukhupha igalikhi emnyama.

Nangona kunjalo, ngokweziphumo zesifundo esinye, iintsuku ezingama-21 zilungile xa unyango lwegalikhi lwenziwe kwindawo yokunyibilikisa eyiipesenti ezingama-90 kunye namaqondo obushushu angama-70 60 °C. Ngokophononongo, iimeko kunye nexesha lonyango lwandisa amandla e-antioxidant kwiimveliso eziziphumo, ngenxa yoko izibonelelo eziphezulu zegalikhi emnyama.

IziBonelelo eziMnyama zeVenkile yokuGxotha

Zininzi igalikhi emnyama ikhupha izibonelelo zempilo, Kubandakanywa:

1. Isithambiso seGarlic esimnyama sinceda ngokulahleka kwesisindo

Iziphumo zesifundo esinye seempuku zibonisa ukuba igalikhi emnyama inokunciphisa kakhulu isisindo somzimba, ubungakanani bamafutha eseli kunye namafutha esisisu. Olu luphawu olomeleleyo lwerhasi emnyama enokubakho ukuhla ukusinda izibonelelo phakathi kwabantu.

Ubungqina buxhaswa luphando lwamva nje olubonisa ukuba ukufaka igalikhi emnyama kunokuphucula amandla okutsha kwekhalori yomzimba wakho. Oku kunokukunceda ukhuphe ngokukhawuleza isisindo ngokukhawuleza impilo engcono kunye ne-physic.

Ke ngoko, ukuba utyebile okanye ufuna ukunciphisa umzimba, cinga ngokuthathwa kumandla amnyama okulahla ubunzima begalikhi.

2. Izibonelelo zegalikhi emnyama zolusu

Izibonelelo zegalikhi emnyama zolusu ngenxa yokufumaneka kwesiseko se-allylcysteine ​​kwigalikhi. Ikhompawundi yenza igalikhi ukuba isebenze ngokulula ukuze inikezele ngolusu lwakho kunye nomzimba wakho wonke ukuba ubakhusele ngcono kusulelo.

Enye yezibonelelo zegalikhi emnyama kulusu kukuthintela i-acne kunye nokuhluthwa kwemitha. Amachaphaza yimeko yesikhumba ebacteria ebonakala ziziphazamiso kwaye Ukugquma njengamaqhuqhuva kulusu lwakho. Iipimples zenzeka ngenxa yokucaphuka kunye nokukrala kweencwele zakho.

Ngenxa yepropathi yayo ye-antibacterial, ngenxa ye-allicin, igalikhi emnyama ibulala iintsholongwane ezibangela i-acne. Ukongeza, isiphumo sayo sokuchasana nokuvuvukala sinceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nokuvuvukala okunxulumene namabala.

3. Isicatshulwa seGarlic esimnyama sinceda ngokuphuculwa kweKholesterol yomzimba

Izifundo ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi zibonisa ukuba igalikhi emnyama iyanceda ukuphucula i-cholesterol ebantwini abajamelene namanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol. Iyonyusa i-lipoproteins ephezulu (i-HDL), elungileyo cholesterol emntwini. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba iyawanciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol embi kunye ne-triglycerides ephezulu.

I-4.Black Garlic Extract Inceda ngokuphucula uxinzelelo lwegazi

Igalikhi emnyama igcwele imichiza ye-organosulfur, igalikhi emnyama ikwanceda nomthambo wegazi ukuba uphumle. Oku kuphumza kukhokelela ekucutheni uxinzelelo lwegazi kuba igazi linendawo eninzi yokuhamba ngokutyibilikayo.

Kuphononongo olubandakanya izigulana ezingama-79 ezinexinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, abaphandi baqaphela ukuhla okuthe gabalala kwegazi lokuthoba kwe-11.8 mm phakathi kwabaguli abathathe iipilisi zegalikhi. Aba baguli babekwa kwirejimeni yonyango lwegalikhi yeeveki ezili-12 apho babethatha amacwecwe amabini okanye amane emnyama yonke imihla ngalo lonke eli xesha.

5. Uncedo lokuvuvukala

Kuthwele umthwalo ngayo antioxidants, igalikhi emnyama inokunikezela ngoncedo olukhulu lokuvuvukala. Oku kungenxa yokuba ii-antioxidants zilawula ukusayina kweeseli, oko ke kufaka isandla ekunciphiseni kokosuleleka. Ngaphandle koko, ii-antioxidants ziyayonakalisa i-radicals yasimahla eyonakalisayo emzimbeni wakho ukukhusela iiseli zakho zomzimba kuxinzelelo lwe-oxidative ezonakalisa zona, zikhokelela kulusu.

6. Iinwele ezisempilweni

Izibonelelo zegalikhi emnyama zeenwele bezaziwa ebantwini ukusukela amaxesha akudala. Namhlanje, ioyile emnyama yegalikhi iyafumaneka kwiivenkile ezininzi zezithambiso ukubonelela abantu abafuna ukugcina iinwele ezisempilweni kunye nezibonelelo zegalikhi emnyama kwiinwele. Ioyile ixhasa ukukhula kweenwele ezintsha, ukunqanda ukuwa kweenwele kunye nokunciphisa ukulahleka kweenwele xa kusetyenziswa rhoqo.

Izibonelelo zegalikhi emnyama zesinwele ezivela kwinto yokuba igalikhi inayo iipropathi ezichasene ne-virus, ke ngoko amandla okulwa iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, kunye neparasites. Ke ngoko, ukuba ufaka ioli yegalikhi emnyama kwisikhumba sakho, inokuthintela ukwakheka kwendalo okunokwenzeka kwezi zinto. Ngenxa yoko, ii-follicles zakho zeenwele kunye nenwele ziyalulama.

Ukongeza, izibonelelo zegalikhi ezimnyama zeenwele zichongwe iziphumo ezichasayo zokuthintela igalikhi. Ukusetyenziswa kweoyile yeenwele ezimnyama kwisikali sakho kunokunciphisa ukuvuvukala kunye nokucaphukisa okuhamba kunye nokukhawulezisa ukulahleka kweenwele kwezinye iimeko.

7. Isithambisi seGarlic esimnyama sinceda ngokuthintela ukukhula koMhlaza

Ngokutsho kohlolisiso olwenziwe eJapan ngo-2007, ukusetyenziswa kwegalikhi emnyama kunokunciphisa isisu seempuku. Abaphandi bayakrokrela ukuba le inokwenzeka nakuluntu. Esi sikhundla sivumelana neJenali yeHlabathi yoNyango yoNyango. Uphengululo lubonisa ukuba ukuthatha igalikhi okwalupheleyo kuhambelana nokuphuhliswa komhlaza.

Kwakhona, uphononongo lwe-vitro olwenziwe ngo-2014 lwacebisa ukuba ivumba elimnyama legalikhi linokunciphisa umhlaza wekolon ukukhula kweseli kunye nokuzigqobhoza iiseli zomhlaza.

8. Isithambiso seGarlic esimnyama siqinisekisa impilo eyiNtliziyo

Ukuphuculwa kwempilo yentliziyo kuphakathi kwezibonelelo ezaziwayo zokuthintela igalikhi. Kwimodeli yezilwanyana yowama-2018 ngokuthelekisa izibonelelo ezikhutshwe ngegalikhi emnyama kunye neziphumo zegalikhi eluhlaza kwimpilo yentliziyo yomntu kwakhona, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ezi ndlela zimbini zegalikhi zazisebenza ngokufanayo ekunciphiseni ukulimala kwentliziyo.

Ngaphandle koko, ngenxa yesakhono sayo sokulawula i-cholesterol, igarlic emnyama enomhlwa inakho nokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.

9. Isithambisi seGarlic esimnyama sinceda ngokuphucula impilo yeBongo

Ukongeza, igarlic emnyama inokukhulisa imemori yakho, ngakumbi ukuba ulwa nemeko yokuqonda okufana nesifo sikaParkinson, isifo sika-Alzheimer okanye isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. I-antioxidants ekhoyo kwi inokunciphisa usulelo oluxanduva okanye olunxulumene nemeko. Ngenxa yoko, impilo yengqondo yakho iyaphucuka, kunye nokukwazi ukukhumbula kakuhle.

Ezinye iigalikhi zikhupha izibonelelo zempilo

Ngenxa yokuba iigalikhi ezimnyama zinceda amajoni omzimba, zisasebenza ngoku:

• Ukuthintela isifo seswekile kunye nokukhululeka
• Ukuthintela umhlaza weprostate kunye nokuphumla
• Unyango lwe-jck itch
• Unyango lweembaleki inyawo
• umdlavuza wesisu
• ulingelo olubangela ulusu emzimbeni
• ukuthintela umhlaza wemiphunga kunye nesiqabu
• ukukhululeka kwesifuba
• ukuthintela ukubanda okuqhelekileyo kunye nesiqabu
• usulelo igwele lobufazi
• ukupheliswa kwentsimbi

Umahluko phakathi kweGarliki emnyama kunye neGarlic entsha

Ngenxa yempendulo kaMaillard yokuba igalikhi entsha idlula ukuze ibe yegalikhi emnyama, akumangalisi ukuba ezi ndlela zimbini zegalikhi zahlukile, kungekuphela nje zokubonisa umbala, kodwa nokwakheka kwekhemikhali kunye nokunambitheka.

Utshintsho lwe-flavour luba negalelo eliphambili ngokuncitshiswa kwee-fructans (i-fructose kunye neglucose) kwigalikhi ngexesha lokuqhubekisa. Ekugqibeleni, igalikhi elingasemva liphela libe nenqanaba elingaphantsi le-fructan kunegalikhi engafakwanga. Ukujonga ukuba ii-fructans zezona ziphambili zeencasa, ubungakanani bazo obuncitshisiweyo, ke oko kuthetha ukuba igalikhi emnyama ayizukunambitheka ngakumbi kunale intsha.

I-flavour yegalikhi emnyama ekhutshiwe ayomelele njengegalikhi entsha; eyangaphambili imnandi tangy, syrupy kunye nebhalsamic. Kwelinye icala, le yokugqibela inamandla kwaye iyacaphukisa. Kungenxa yokuba igalikhi emnyama inomxholo osezantsi we-allicin. Ngexesha lokuguga, ezinye ii-allicin ezikwigalikhi emitsha ziguqulela kwiikhompawundi ze-antioxidant ezifana ne-diallyl sulfide, ajoene, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide kunye ne-dithiins.

Ngenxa yotshintsho lwepropathi ye-physicochemical, igalikhi emnyama ine-biioactivity ephezulu, umzekelo, iipropathi ze-antioxidant, kunegalikhi entsha. Imixube efumaneka kwigalikhi emnyama, njenge SI--llcysteine ​​(i-SAC) isebenza ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa naleyo igalikhi entsha.

Ngokukhethekileyo, igalikhi emnyama ikhupha ii-oxidants, iikhalori, ifibre kunye nentsimbi kunye nesinyithi xa kuthelekiswa negalikhi eluhlaza. Kwelinye icala, igalikhi ekrwada ine-vitamin C ephezulu, i-carbs kunye ne-allicin kunefomati yegalikhi.

Ukuchaneka, iipuni zegalikhi ezimbini eziluhlaza zineekhalori ezingama-25, i-3 mg isodium, i-5.6 g i-carbohydrate, i-1 g protein, i-0.1 g amafutha, i-0.4 g i-Vitamin C, i-5.2 mg ye-calcium kunye ne-30 mg yesinyithi. Ngokuchaseneyo, inani elilinganayo legalikhi elimnyama likhuphe iikhalori ezingama-0.3, i-40g carbs, iprotey eyi-4g, i-1g fat, i-2g yokutya i-fiber, i-1mg sodium, i-160mg iron, i-0.64mg i-Vitamin C kunye ne-2.2 milligrams calcium.

Umahluko phakathi kweGarliki emnyama kunye neGarlic entsha

Ngenxa yempendulo kaMaillard yokuba igalikhi entsha idlula ukuze ibe yegalikhi emnyama, akumangalisi ukuba ezi ndlela zimbini zegalikhi zahlukile, kungekuphela nje zokubonisa umbala, kodwa nokwakheka kwekhemikhali kunye nokunambitheka.

Utshintsho lwe-flavour luba negalelo eliphambili ngokuncitshiswa kwee-fructans (i-fructose kunye neglucose) kwigalikhi ngexesha lokuqhubekisa. Ekugqibeleni, igalikhi elingasemva liphela libe nenqanaba elingaphantsi le-fructan kunegalikhi engafakwanga. Ukujonga ukuba ii-fructans zezona ziphambili zeencasa, ubungakanani bazo obuncitshisiweyo, ke oko kuthetha ukuba igalikhi emnyama ayizukunambitheka ngakumbi kunale intsha.

I-flavour yegalikhi emnyama ekhutshiwe ayomelele njengegalikhi entsha; eyangaphambili imnandi tangy, syrupy kunye nebhalsamic. Kwelinye icala, le yokugqibela inamandla kwaye iyacaphukisa. Kungenxa yokuba igalikhi emnyama inomxholo osezantsi we-allicin. Ngexesha lokuguga, ezinye ii-allicin ezikwigalikhi emitsha ziguqulela kwiikhompawundi ze-antioxidant ezifana ne-diallyl sulfide, ajoene, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide kunye ne-dithiins.

Ngenxa yotshintsho lwepropathi ye-physicochemical, igalikhi emnyama ine-biioactivity ephezulu, umzekelo, iipropathi ze-antioxidant, kunegalikhi entsha. Imixube efumaneka kwigalikhi emnyama, njenge SI--llcysteine ​​(i-SAC) isebenza ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa naleyo igalikhi entsha.

Ngokukhethekileyo, igalikhi emnyama ikhupha ii-oxidants, iikhalori, ifibre kunye nentsimbi kunye nesinyithi xa kuthelekiswa negalikhi eluhlaza. Kwelinye icala, igalikhi ekrwada ine-vitamin C ephezulu, i-carbs kunye ne-allicin kunefomati yegalikhi.

Ukuchaneka, iipuni zegalikhi ezimbini eziluhlaza zineekhalori ezingama-25, i-3 mg isodium, i-5.6 g i-carbohydrate, i-1 g protein, i-0.1 g amafutha, i-0.4 g i-Vitamin C, i-5.2 mg ye-calcium kunye ne-30 mg yesinyithi. Ngokuchaseneyo, inani elilinganayo legalikhi elimnyama likhuphe iikhalori ezingama-0.3, i-40g carbs, iprotey eyi-4g, i-1g fat, i-2g yokutya i-fiber, i-1mg sodium, i-160mg iron, i-0.64mg i-Vitamin C kunye ne-2.2 milligrams calcium.

I-Garlic Emnyama ekhutshwayo yeDosi

Nokuba ufuna ukuthatha iibhola ezimnyama zokukhupha iigalikhi, iglasi emnyama ekhupha isiselo, okanye igalikhi emnyama ekhutshwe nge-gongong ginger, kubalulekile ukuba ulandele idosi ekucetyiswayo. Kanye njengokuba igalikhi emnyama ikhupha njengemveliso yendalo, oko kunokubangela ezinye iziphumo ezibi ukuba zithathwe kakhulu.

kuba igalikhi emnyama ikhupha umgubo ukwenza igalikhi emnyama ikhuphe ijusi okanye igalikhi emnyama ikhuphe ijusi okanye ukongeza kwisidlo sakho, sebenzisa rhabaxa I-1/3 tsp yomgubo kanye ngemini. Le dosi iyasebenza kwakhona xa ufuna ukusebenzisa igalikhi emnyama ekhutshwe nge-gongong ginger. Ngaphandle koko unokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.

Ngaba ufuna ukwazi ukuba ingakanani igalikhi emnyama yokutya ngosuku? Ewe, akukho bungqina besayensi ukumisela ukuba ingakanani igalikhi emnyama yokutya ngosuku. Nangona kunjalo, izifundo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuphononongwa komsebenzisi zibonisa ukuba Iziqwenga ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-10 (ii-cloves) ngosuku Uluhlu olusebenzayo nolukhuselekileyo.

Ukuba ufuna ukuthatha iirobhothi ezimnyama zokukhupha iibhola okanye iipilisi, eyona yeyona ndlela inconywayo yi-200mg. Kwimeko yeGlass Garlic Extract Tonic Gold, iglasi emnyama edumileyo ekhutshiweyo, idosi ecetyiswayo yi-70ml ngosuku.

Ngaba i-Garlic emnyama ekhutshiwe iyingozi?

Ukukhupha igalikhi emnyama kukhuselekile ekusetyenzisweni komntu kwanokusetyenziswa kwesicelo esingaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengesongezelelo somlomo, sinako ibangela uxinzelelo lwesisu, kodwa oku kwenzeka kwiimeko ezinqabileyo. Ke, ukuba unesisu okanye imvelaphi yokukhutshelwa kwembali, kubalulekile ukuba ubonane nodokotela wakho kuqala ngaphambi kokuthatha isichumisi okanye isongezo esinxulumene naso.

Kwakhona, iidosi ezinkulu zomlomo zokukhupha azikhuselekanga kubantwana, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa komphezulu kusenokubangela umonakalo owonakalisayo kulusu lomntwana. Ukusetyenziswa kwesentloko kunokubangela ukucaphukisa ulusu xa lwenziwe kumfazi okhulelweyo.

Isicelo seGarlikhi esimnyama

1. Ukuphucula incasa yokutya

Nje ngegalikhi eluhlaza, igalikhi emnyama isetyenziselwa iinjongo zecala apho yongezwa khona kwizitya ezahlukeneyo zokuthambisa. It Kugquma incasa yokutya.

2. Cosmetics

Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sokuchasana ne-antibacteria, ukufunyanwa kusetyenziswa njengento ephambili kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zezithambiso. Iimveliso ze-cosmetic ezinayo ziyasebenza ekuthinteleni i-acne okanye ukuphuculwa kwempilo yeenwele, phakathi kwezinye izibonelelo.

3. Ukunyusa ezongeziweyo kwezempilo

Izinto ezikhutshweyo zegalikhi emnyama zongeza amajoni omzimba. Kananjalo, isicatshulwa sisetyenziselwa ukwenza izongezelelo ezinceda abantu bangahlali kwizifo ezahlukeneyo.

Izongezelelo zeGllic Garlic zoGcino

Igalikhi emnyama ikhupha izongezelelo yiza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kubandakanya umgubo omnyama wegalikhi, igalikhi emnyama yokukhupha iibhola okanye ijusi emnyama yokukhupha ijusi. Elinye longezo lihamba ngegama elimnyama le Garlic Extract Tonic Gold, eyijusi emnyama ekhupha ijusi.

isiphelo

Ukuthathwa kwegalikhi emnyama yimveliso yegalikhi ebilisiwe. Ifumaneka ngohlobo lwe igalikhi emnyama ikhupha umgubo, igalikhi emnyama ikhuphe iibhola okanye ijusi emnyama ekhupha ijusi. Ezinye izibonelelo zokukhutshwa kokuphucula amajoni omzimba, ukuthintela ukulahleka kweenwele, ulusu lwesikhumba kunye nokuphuculwa kwetoni kunye nokuthoba umzimba. Isicatshulwa sisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ubugcisa bezociko kunye nomzi mveliso wokuhombisa.

Ucaphulo

Banerjee S., Mukherjee PK, Maulik S. Garlic njenge-antioxidant: Kulungile, kubi kwaye kubi. Phytother. Qalela Ngo-2003; 17: 97-106.

I-Ha AW, i-Ying T., uKim WK Iziphumo zegalikhi emnyama (I-Allium satvium) izicatshulwa ezikwimidumba ye-lipid kwimigundane itya ukutya okuphezulu kwamafutha. Nutr. Qalela Ziqhelanise. Ngo-2015; 9: 30-36

Kang O.-J. Ukuvavanywa kwee-melanoidins ezenziwe kwigalikhi emnyama emva kwamanyathelo ahlukeneyo okusombulula i-thermal. Edlulileyo Nutr. Ukutya kweSayensi. Ngo-2016; 21: 398

I-Kim DG, i-Kang MJ, i-Hong SS, i-Choi YH, i-Shin JH Antiinfigueatory yefom ye-compact esebenzayo esebenzayo yokwahlula igalikhi emnyama. Phytother. Qalela Ngo-2017; 31: 53-61

UMilner J. Encyclopedia yeZongezelelo zokutya. UMarcel Dekker; ENew York, NY, eMelika: ngo-2005.IAllium sativum) iphe. 229–240.

2020-09-03