A igalikhi emnyama Yindlela yegalikhi ethathwe ekuphepheni kunye nasekugugeni kwegalikhi entsha. Ukunyanga igalikhi entsha ukuvelisa igalikhi emnyama kwenzeka kwiimeko ezinomswakama kakhulu ukusuka kuma-40 ° C kuye kuma-60°C malunga neentsuku ezilishumi.
Ngale meko, igarlic indala ngokukhawuleza kwaye ijika ibemhlophe ukuya kumbala omnyama / omnyama. Igcwele uluhlu lweevithamini kunye neeminerals ezibalulekileyo ezinjenge manganese, Vitamin C, Vitamin B6, Selenium, Vitamin B1, phosphorous, bronze kunye necalcium.
Igalikhi emnyama enosiwe iye yaba kukutya okuthandwayo okuthandwayo okwenziwa ngamakhulu eminyaka eThailand, eSouth Korea, naseJapan kodwa amanye amazwe anjengeTaiwan, ayithathile ngaphambili, ngakumbi kwiivenkile zokutyela nezokutya eziphezulu. Isetyenziselwa ukongeza incasa yokutya okwahlukileyo, kubandakanywa nokuxutywa kwenyama kwidayizi, kwaye kujongwa njengendawo yokutya encasa umlo ngenxa yempahla yayo antioxidant.
Ngaphandle kokuphucula incasa yokutya, ezinye izibonelelo zegalikhi ezimnyama zibandakanya inkxaso yokulahleka kwesisindo, ukuphuculwa kwempilo yesikhumba kunye nokuqina komzimba. Ungathenga igalikhi emnyama ebilisiwe ngohlobo lomgubo omnyama wegalikhi, iibhola ezimnyama zokukhupha iibhola okanye ijusi emnyama yokukhupha ijusi.
Ukukhupha igalikhi emnyama kunefuthe lokuchasana nokuvuvukala eliyifezekisayo ngokuncipha HAYI kunye nemveliso ye-cytokine ye-pro-inflammatory kwimveliso ye-LPS ye-RAW264.7. Ukwanda kweseli ye-hexane yeseli kunye ne-ICAM-1 kunye ne-VCAM-1 expression in TNF-α-activated endometrial stromal cell in your body.
Iyaqhubeka nokuthintela, ii-leukotrienes, ii-cytokines ezinamandla okuvuvukala kunye nemisebenzi ye-COX-2 kunye ne-5-lipooxygenase ngaphakathi kweeseli ze-LPS ezibangelwa yi-RAW264.7. Ngenxa yoko, ukudumba kuya kusiba mandundu okanye kuthintelwe ukuba kungenzeki.
Xa kuziwa kumsebenzi we-oxidative, igalikhi emnyama iqulethe i-phenols kunye ne-flavonoids, zombini edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwendlela ye-Nrf2. Imixube eyahlukeneyo ebonelelwa ngegalikhi yonyusa amanqanaba okubonisa e-mRNA kwii-enzymes ze-antioxidant njenge-HO-1, NQO1, kunye nee-GST. Imixube, ebandakanya ukufunyanwa kwe-tetrahydro-β-carboline, N-mifanekiso N-frafosyl arginine allixin kunye ne-selenium, ukufezekisa oku ngokusebenzisa kwe-Nrf2.
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, igalikhi emnyama ikhutshwa kwigalikhi entsha ngokufaka ukutya kwindawo elawulwa ngokungqongqo. Indawo engqongileyo kufuneka ibe nofifi kakhulu (enama-80 ukuya kwangama-90% umswakama ohambelana nokufuma) kwaye ishushu njengama-40 °C ukuya kwi60 °C. Ngexesha lenkqubo, iifomati ezahlukeneyo zisiphumo sokusabela kweMaillard.
Ngexesha, igalikhi emhlophe qhwa emnyama ibala elimnyama. Ziyaphuhlisa Isiraphu emnandi, incindi, incasa yebhalsamic, ukuthungwa kwengca kunye nevumba elikhethekileyo.
Ixesha lenkqubo yonyango liyahluka ukusuka kumvelisi ukuya kwelinye kodwa lihlala lisusela kwiintsuku ezine ukuya kwezingamashumi amane. Oku kuxhomekeke kwinkcubeko kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngabavelisi kunye neenjongo ezinqwenelekayo zokukhupha igalikhi emnyama.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokweziphumo zesifundo esinye, iintsuku ezingama-21 zilungile xa unyango lwegalikhi lwenziwe kwindawo yokunyibilikisa eyiipesenti ezingama-90 kunye namaqondo obushushu angama-70 60 °C. Ngokophononongo, iimeko kunye nexesha lonyango lwandisa amandla e-antioxidant kwiimveliso eziziphumo, ngenxa yoko izibonelelo eziphezulu zegalikhi emnyama.
Zininzi igalikhi emnyama ikhupha izibonelelo zempilo, Kubandakanywa:
Iziphumo zophononongo olunye lweempuku zibonise ukuba igalikhi emnyama inokunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima bomzimba, ubungakanani beseli esityebileyo kunye namanqatha esisu. Olu luphawu olomeleleyo lwerhasi emnyama enokubakho ukuhla ukusinda izibonelelo phakathi kwabantu.
Ubungqina buxhaswa luphando lwamva nje olubonisa ukuba ukufaka igalikhi emnyama kunokuphucula amandla okutsha kwekhalori yomzimba wakho. Oku kunokukunceda ukhuphe ngokukhawuleza isisindo ngokukhawuleza impilo engcono kunye ne-physic.
Ke ngoko, ukuba utyebile okanye ufuna ukunciphisa umzimba, cinga ngokuthathwa kumandla amnyama okulahla ubunzima begalikhi.
Izibonelelo eziMnyama zegalikhi zolusu zibangelwa kukufumaneka kwe-S-allylcysteine compound kwikonofile. Le khompawundi yenza igalikhi icoleke ukuba inike isikhumba sakho kunye nawo wonke umzimba ukukhusela ngcono izifo.
Enye yezibonelelo zegalikhi emnyama kulusu kukuthintela i-acne kunye nokuhluthwa kwemitha. Amachaphaza yimeko yesikhumba ebacteria ebonakala ziziphazamiso kwaye Ukugquma njengamaqhuqhuva kulusu lwakho. Iipimples zenzeka ngenxa yokucaphuka kunye nokukrala kweencwele zakho.
Ngenxa yepropathi yayo ye-antibacterial, ngenxa ye-allicin, igalikhi emnyama ibulala iintsholongwane ezibangela i-acne. Ukongeza, isiphumo sayo sokuchasana nokuvuvukala sinceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nokuvuvukala okunxulumene namabala.
Izifundo ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi zibonisa ukuba igalikhi emnyama iyanceda ukuphucula i-cholesterol ebantwini abajamelene namanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol. Iyonyusa i-lipoproteins ephezulu (i-HDL), elungileyo cholesterol emntwini. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba iyawanciphisa amanqanaba e-cholesterol embi kunye ne-triglycerides ephezulu.
Igalikhi emnyama igcwele imichiza ye-organosulfur, igalikhi emnyama ikwanceda nomthambo wegazi ukuba uphumle. Oku kuphumza kukhokelela ekucutheni uxinzelelo lwegazi kuba igazi linendawo eninzi yokuhamba ngokutyibilikayo.
Kuphononongo olubandakanya izigulana ezingama-79 ezinexinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, abaphandi baqaphela ukuhla okuthe gabalala kwegazi lokuthoba kwe-11.8 mm phakathi kwabaguli abathathe iipilisi zegalikhi. Aba baguli babekwa kwirejimeni yonyango lwegalikhi yeeveki ezili-12 apho babethatha amacwecwe amabini okanye amane emnyama yonke imihla ngalo lonke eli xesha.
Kuthwele umthwalo ngayo antioxidants, igalikhi emnyama inokunikezela ngoncedo olukhulu lokuvuvukala. Oku kungenxa yokuba ii-antioxidants zilawula ukusayina kweeseli, oko ke kufaka isandla ekunciphiseni kokosuleleka. Ngaphandle koko, ii-antioxidants ziyayonakalisa i-radicals yasimahla eyonakalisayo emzimbeni wakho ukukhusela iiseli zakho zomzimba kuxinzelelo lwe-oxidative ezonakalisa zona, zikhokelela kulusu.
Izibonelelo zegalikhi emnyama zeenwele bezaziwa ebantwini ukusukela amaxesha akudala. Namhlanje, ioyile emnyama yegalikhi iyafumaneka kwiivenkile ezininzi zezithambiso ukubonelela abantu abafuna ukugcina iinwele ezisempilweni kunye nezibonelelo zegalikhi emnyama kwiinwele. Ioyile ixhasa ukukhula kweenwele ezintsha, ukunqanda ukuwa kweenwele kunye nokunciphisa ukulahleka kweenwele xa kusetyenziswa rhoqo.
Izibonelelo zegalikhi emnyama zesinwele ezivela kwinto yokuba igalikhi inayo iipropathi ezichasene ne-virus, ke ngoko amandla okulwa iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, kunye neparasites. Ke ngoko, ukuba ufaka ioli yegalikhi emnyama kwisikhumba sakho, inokuthintela ukwakheka kwendalo okunokwenzeka kwezi zinto. Ngenxa yoko, ii-follicles zakho zeenwele kunye nenwele ziyalulama.
Ukongeza, izibonelelo zegalikhi ezimnyama zeenwele zibangelwa Iziphumo ezichasayo ezichasayo zegalikhi. Ukusetyenziswa kweoyile yeenwele ezimnyama entlonzeni wakho kunokunciphisa ukudumba kunye nokucaphuka okuhamba kunye nokukhawulezisa ukulahleka kweenwele kwezinye iimeko.
Ngokophando olwenziwe eJapan olwenziwe ngo-2007, ukusetyenziswa kwegalikhi emnyama kungalinciphisa ithumba leempuku. Abaphandi bakrokrela ukuba oku kunokwenzeka nakubantu. Esi sikhundla siyavumelana neJenali yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoNyango lonyango lokujonga kwakhona. Uphengululo lubonisa ukuba ukutya ikonofile egugileyo kunxulumene ngokunxulumene nophuhliso lomhlaza.
Kwakhona, uphononongo lwe-vitro olwenziwe ngo-2014 lucebisa ukuba ukukhupha igalikhi emnyama kunokunciphisa umhlaza wekolon ukukhula kweseli kunye nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
Impilo yentliziyo ukuphuculwa kuphakathi kwezinto ezaziwayo ezaziwayo zokukhupha igalikhi. Kwimodeli yezilwanyana ka-2018 ethelekisa izibonelelo ze-garlic ezimnyama zokukhupha kunye nefuthe kwigalikhi eluhlaza kwimpilo yentliziyo yomntu ofumanayo, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ezi ndlela zimbini zegalikhi zazisebenza ngokulinganayo ekunciphiseni ukonakala kwentliziyo.
Ngaphandle koko, ngenxa yesakhono sayo sokulawula i-cholesterol, igarlic emnyama enomhlwa inakho nokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.
Ukongeza, igarlic emnyama inokukhulisa imemori yakho, ngakumbi ukuba ulwa nemeko yokuqonda okufana nesifo sikaParkinson, isifo sika-Alzheimer okanye isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. I-antioxidants ekhoyo kwi inokunciphisa usulelo oluxanduva okanye olunxulumene nemeko. Ngenxa yoko, impilo yengqondo yakho iyaphucuka, kunye nokukwazi ukukhumbula kakuhle.
Ngenxa yokuba iigalikhi ezimnyama zinceda amajoni omzimba, zisasebenza ngoku:
Ngenxa yempendulo kaMaillard yokuba igalikhi entsha idlula ukuze ibe yegalikhi emnyama, akumangalisi ukuba ezi ndlela zimbini zegalikhi zahlukile, kungekuphela nje zokubonisa umbala, kodwa nokwakheka kwekhemikhali kunye nokunambitheka.
Utshintsho lwe-flavour luba negalelo eliphambili ngokuncitshiswa kwee-fructans (i-fructose kunye neglucose) kwigalikhi ngexesha lokuqhubekisa. Ekugqibeleni, igalikhi elingasemva liphela libe nenqanaba elingaphantsi le-fructan kunegalikhi engafakwanga. Ukujonga ukuba ii-fructans zezona ziphambili zeencasa, ubungakanani bazo obuncitshisiweyo, ke oko kuthetha ukuba igalikhi emnyama ayizukunambitheka ngakumbi kunale intsha.
I-flavour yegalikhi emnyama ekhutshiwe ayomelele njengegalikhi entsha; eyangaphambili imnandi tangy, syrupy kunye nebhalsamic. Kwelinye icala, le yokugqibela inamandla kwaye iyacaphukisa. Kungenxa yokuba igalikhi emnyama inomxholo osezantsi we-allicin. Ngexesha lokuguga, ezinye ii-allicin ezikwigalikhi emitsha ziguqulela kwiikhompawundi ze-antioxidant ezifana ne-diallyl sulfide, ajoene, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide kunye ne-dithiins.
Ngenxa yotshintsho lwepropathi ye-physicochemical, igalikhi emnyama ine-biioactivity ephezulu, umzekelo, iipropathi ze-antioxidant, kunegalikhi entsha. Imixube efumaneka kwigalikhi emnyama, njenge SI--llcysteine (i-SAC) isebenza ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa naleyo igalikhi entsha.
Ngokukhethekileyo, igalikhi emnyama ikhupha ii-oxidants, iikhalori, ifibre kunye nentsimbi kunye nesinyithi xa kuthelekiswa negalikhi eluhlaza. Kwelinye icala, igalikhi ekrwada ine-vitamin C ephezulu, i-carbs kunye ne-allicin kunefomati yegalikhi.
Ukuchaneka, iipuni zegalikhi ezimbini eziluhlaza zineekhalori ezingama-25, i-3 mg isodium, i-5.6 g i-carbohydrate, i-1 g protein, i-0.1 g amafutha, i-0.4 g i-Vitamin C, i-5.2 mg ye-calcium kunye ne-30 mg yesinyithi. Ngokuchaseneyo, inani elilinganayo legalikhi elimnyama likhuphe iikhalori ezingama-0.3, i-40g carbs, iprotey eyi-4g, i-1g fat, i-2g yokutya i-fiber, i-1mg sodium, i-160mg iron, i-0.64mg i-Vitamin C kunye ne-2.2 milligrams calcium.
Ngenxa yempendulo kaMaillard yokuba igalikhi entsha idlula ukuze ibe yegalikhi emnyama, akumangalisi ukuba ezi ndlela zimbini zegalikhi zahlukile, kungekuphela nje zokubonisa umbala, kodwa nokwakheka kwekhemikhali kunye nokunambitheka.
Utshintsho lwe-flavour luba negalelo eliphambili ngokuncitshiswa kwee-fructans (i-fructose kunye neglucose) kwigalikhi ngexesha lokuqhubekisa. Ekugqibeleni, igalikhi elingasemva liphela libe nenqanaba elingaphantsi le-fructan kunegalikhi engafakwanga. Ukujonga ukuba ii-fructans zezona ziphambili zeencasa, ubungakanani bazo obuncitshisiweyo, ke oko kuthetha ukuba igalikhi emnyama ayizukunambitheka ngakumbi kunale intsha.
I-flavour yegalikhi emnyama ekhutshiwe ayomelele njengegalikhi entsha; eyangaphambili imnandi tangy, syrupy kunye nebhalsamic. Kwelinye icala, le yokugqibela inamandla kwaye iyacaphukisa. Kungenxa yokuba igalikhi emnyama inomxholo osezantsi we-allicin. Ngexesha lokuguga, ezinye ii-allicin ezikwigalikhi emitsha ziguqulela kwiikhompawundi ze-antioxidant ezifana ne-diallyl sulfide, ajoene, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide kunye ne-dithiins.
Ngenxa yotshintsho lwepropathi ye-physicochemical, igalikhi emnyama ine-biioactivity ephezulu, umzekelo, iipropathi ze-antioxidant, kunegalikhi entsha. Imixube efumaneka kwigalikhi emnyama, njenge SI--llcysteine (i-SAC) isebenza ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa naleyo igalikhi entsha.
Ngokukhethekileyo, igalikhi emnyama ikhupha ii-oxidants, iikhalori, ifibre kunye nentsimbi kunye nesinyithi xa kuthelekiswa negalikhi eluhlaza. Kwelinye icala, igalikhi ekrwada ine-vitamin C ephezulu, i-carbs kunye ne-allicin kunefomati yegalikhi.
Ukuchaneka, iipuni zegalikhi ezimbini eziluhlaza zineekhalori ezingama-25, i-3 mg isodium, i-5.6 g i-carbohydrate, i-1 g protein, i-0.1 g amafutha, i-0.4 g i-Vitamin C, i-5.2 mg ye-calcium kunye ne-30 mg yesinyithi. Ngokuchaseneyo, inani elilinganayo legalikhi elimnyama likhuphe iikhalori ezingama-0.3, i-40g carbs, iprotey eyi-4g, i-1g fat, i-2g yokutya i-fiber, i-1mg sodium, i-160mg iron, i-0.64mg i-Vitamin C kunye ne-2.2 milligrams calcium.
Nokuba ufuna ukuthatha iibhola ezimnyama zokukhupha iigalikhi, iglasi emnyama ekhupha isiselo, okanye igalikhi emnyama ekhutshwe nge-gongong ginger, kubalulekile ukuba ulandele idosi ekucetyiswayo. Kanye njengokuba igalikhi emnyama ikhupha njengemveliso yendalo, oko kunokubangela ezinye iziphumo ezibi ukuba zithathwe kakhulu.
kuba igalikhi emnyama ikhupha umgubo ukwenza igalikhi emnyama ikhuphe ijusi okanye igalikhi emnyama ikhuphe ijusi okanye ukongeza kwisidlo sakho, sebenzisa rhabaxa I-1/3 tsp yomgubo kanye ngemini. Le dosi iyasebenza xa ufuna ukusebenzisa isicatshulwa esimnyama segalikhi kunye nejinja ye-bentong. Ngaphandle koko unokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
Ngaba ufuna ukwazi ukuba ingakanani igalikhi emnyama yokutya ngosuku? Ewe, akukho bungqina besayensi ukumisela ukuba ingakanani igalikhi emnyama yokutya ngosuku. Nangona kunjalo, izifundo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuphononongwa komsebenzisi zibonisa ukuba Iziqwenga ezi-5-10 (ii-clove) ngosuku Uluhlu olusebenzayo nolukhuselekileyo.
Ukuba ufuna ukuthatha iigalikhi ezimnyama zokukhupha iibhola okanye iipilisi, eyona idosi iphakanyisiweyo yi-200mg. Kwimeko yeGalikhi eNtsundu ikhuphe i-Tonic Gold, ijusi ethandwayo emnyama ekhupha incindi, idosi ekhuthazwayo yi-70ml ngosuku.
Ukukhupha igalikhi emnyama kukhuselekile ekusetyenzisweni komntu kwanokusetyenziswa kwesicelo esingaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengesongezelelo somlomo, sinako kubangela uxinzelelo lwesisu, kodwa oku kwenzeka kwiimeko ezinqabileyo. Ke ngoko, ukuba unesisu okanye umlando wokugaya ukutya, kubalulekile ukuba ubonane nogqirha wakho kuqala ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isicatshulwa okanye isongezelelo esinxulumene noko bathi iingcali zesondlo eGoldBee.
Kwakhona, iidosi ezinkulu zomlomo zokukhupha azikhuselekanga kubantwana, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa komphezulu kusenokubangela umonakalo owonakalisayo kulusu lomntwana. Ukusetyenziswa kwesentloko kunokubangela ukucaphukisa ulusu xa lwenziwe kumfazi okhulelweyo.
Nje ngegalikhi eluhlaza, igalikhi emnyama isetyenziselwa iinjongo zecala apho yongezwa khona kwizitya ezahlukeneyo zokuthambisa. It Kugquma incasa yokutya.
Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sokuchasana ne-antibacteria, ukufunyanwa kusetyenziswa njengento ephambili kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zezithambiso. Iimveliso ze-cosmetic ezinayo ziyasebenza ekuthinteleni i-acne okanye ukuphuculwa kwempilo yeenwele, phakathi kwezinye izibonelelo.
Izinto ezikhutshweyo zegalikhi emnyama zongeza amajoni omzimba. Kananjalo, isicatshulwa sisetyenziselwa ukwenza izongezelelo ezinceda abantu bangahlali kwizifo ezahlukeneyo.
Igalikhi emnyama ikhupha izongezelelo yiza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kubandakanya umgubo omnyama wegalikhi, igalikhi emnyama yokukhupha iibhola okanye ijusi emnyama yokukhupha ijusi. Elinye longezo lihamba ngegama elimnyama le Garlic Extract Tonic Gold, eyijusi emnyama ekhupha ijusi.
Isicatshulwa esimnyama segalikhi siyimveliso yegalikhi eluhlaza eluhlaza. Iyafumaneka ngohlobo lwe igalikhi emnyama ikhupha umgubo, igalikhi emnyama ikhuphe iibhola okanye ijusi emnyama ekhupha ijusi. Ezinye izibonelelo zokukhutshwa kokuphucula amajoni omzimba, ukuthintela ukulahleka kweenwele, ulusu lwesikhumba kunye nokuphuculwa kwetoni kunye nokuthoba umzimba. Isicatshulwa sisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ubugcisa bezociko kunye nomzi mveliso wokuhombisa.
Isiqendu ngo:
UGqirha Liang
Umququzeleli, ubunkokheli bobunkokheli kwinkampani; I-PhD ifunyenwe kwiYunivesithi yaseFudan kwi-organic chemistry. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka esithoba yamava kwicandelo lokudibanisa izinto eziphilayo. Amava atyebileyo kwi-chemistry yokudibanisa, amayeza ekhemesti kunye nokwenziwa kwesiko kunye nolawulo lweprojekthi.
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